9.5. Observations

Condensation phenomena can be classified by the presence of noncondensable gas, the gas mixture velocity, the flow characterization (laminar or turbulent) of the gas mixture and the condensate film and the interface condition as shown in Table 9.1, which presented the summary of the theoretical and experimental investigations discussed.

For all cases with a simple geometry except the turbulent gas mixture boundary layer and the wavy interface of both the pure vapor and the vapor-air mixture case, it is seen that numerical solutions of the conservation equations and more approximate analytical solutions of the conservation equations agree well with the corresponding experimental work.

As the geometry of the condensing surface becomes more complex more prototypic experiments must be performed. Examples of these cases are provided in the previous section for integral containment tests. The presence of a turbulent gas mixture (natural or forced convection) or a wavy/turbulent film interface complicates the analysis even for simple geometries. Examples of separate effect tests and correlations under a variety of conditions were also presented in the previous section. In these situations theoretical analysis of this turbulent condition is still needed as is consideration of the effect of geometric scale. This may require multi-dimensional, multi-fluid modelling of the condensation process both near the wall and gas boundary layers as well as in the bulk gas mixture. If this approach is taken then one must address the appropriate scaling of these calculations to produce scaling of these calculations to produce useful condensation heat transfer design correlations or procedures.

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